PEMBINAAN AKHLAK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI PERAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

Abstract

The research results indicate that Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers at elementary schools make various efforts to develop students’ morals and character, including through the use of punishment, advice, instruction, supervision, guidance, assigning tasks, lectures, question-and-answer sessions, storytelling, and methods such as targhib (motivation to love goodness), tarhim (prohibition), bil hikmah (wisdom), and deliberation. However, PAI teachers have not yet conducted a comprehensive evaluation, such as brainstorming, identifying problems, analyzing issues using specific techniques, searching for alternative solutions, planning actions, implementing them, and evaluating the outcomes.

PAI teachers instill religious beliefs and foster moral understanding by providing insights into morality toward Allah, modeling the character of Prophet Muhammad, and instilling social ethics, including manners toward parents, teachers, siblings, peers, the environment, and society. In addition, teachers emphasize the habituation of positive behaviors, such as discipline, responsibility, good social interactions, and the practice of ritual worship.

Factors supporting moral development include adequate teacher human resources, the attention and exemplary behavior of PAI teachers, sufficient facilities and infrastructure, students’ abilities, and extracurricular religious activities. Conversely, inhibiting factors include limited time, differences in understanding and practicing religion, low student interest, unsupportive peer interactions, inappropriate teacher behavior, and limited parental attention, all of which can reduce the effectiveness of learning.

To address these obstacles, PAI teachers implement various solutions, including organizing extracurricular religious activities, promoting the commemoration of Islamic holidays, motivating students, and fostering effective collaboration between teachers and parents.