Navigasi Bioetika Islam Terhadap Teknologi Daging Kultur: Analisis Integratif Potensi Produksi dan Batasan Hukum Syariah

Abstract

While cultured meat technology is projected as a solution to the global protein crisis and environmental emissions, its halal status remains a lingering theological debate, particularly within the unique socio-religious context of Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the technical production processes of cultivated meat and examine the Islamic bioethical boundaries of its consumption through an integrative lens. Employing an integrative literature review design, this research synthesizes technical bioprocess data with contemporary Islamic legal frameworks, utilizing the Maqashid Syariah approach and a two-tier analytical model. The results indicate that the production of cultured meat involves complex stages, including cell biopsy, proliferation in bioreactors, and differentiation into muscle fibers,. Ecologically, this technology has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and land use. However, from an Islamic bioethical perspective, most current halal authorities designate cultured meat as non-halal due to the use of cells from live animals (classified as carrion) and animal-derived serum media such as Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS),,. This study provides a legal resolution, proposing that cultured meat can achieve halal status if donor cells are obtained from Shariah-compliant slaughtered animals and grown in plant-based culture media. These findings serve as a strategic guide for biotechnology-based halal food policies in Indonesia, specifically for regulators such as BPJPH and MUI.